解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Compact gamma cameras with a square-shaped monolithic scintillator crystal and an array of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are actively being developed for applications in areas such as small animal imaging, cancer diagnostics and radiotracer guided surgery. Statistical methods of position reconstruction, which are p...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa6029
更新日期:2017-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate a commercial synthetic CT (syn-CT) software for use in prostate radiotherapy. Twenty-five prostate patients underwent CT and MR simulation scans in treatment position on a 3T MR scanner. A commercially available MR protocol was used that included a T2w turbo spin-echo sequence for soft-tissue contrast and ...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa5452
更新日期:2017-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Using MRI for radiotherapy treatment planning and image guidance is appealing as it provides superior soft tissue information over CT scans and avoids possible systematic errors introduced by aligning MR to CT images. This study presents a method that generates Synthetic CT (MRCT) volumes by performing probabilistic t...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/62/8/2935
更新日期:2017-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Intraoperative x-ray radiography/fluoroscopy is commonly used to assess the placement of surgical devices in the operating room (e.g. spine pedicle screws), but qualitative interpretation can fail to reliably detect suboptimal delivery and/or breach of adjacent critical structures. We present a 3D-2D image registratio...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa62c5
更新日期:2017-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal screw placement is a challenging task due to small bone corridors and high risk of neurological or vascular complications, benefiting from precision guidance/navigation and quality assurance (QA). Implicit to both guidance and QA is the definition of a surgical plan-i.e. the desired trajectories and device sele...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa5f42
更新日期:2017-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::It is not feasible to define very small or complex organs and tissues in the current voxel-type adult reference computational phantoms of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), which limit dose coefficients for weakly penetrating radiations. To address the problem, the ICRP is converting the v...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa5b72
更新日期:2017-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this work was to validate GATE-based clinical scale absorbed dose calculations in nuclear medicine dosimetry. GATE (version 6.2) and MCNPX (version 2.7.a) were used to derive dosimetric parameters (absorbed fractions, specific absorbed fractions and S-values) for the reference female computational model...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/62/5/1885
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::The S-value is a standard measure in cellular dosimetry. S-values are calculated by applying analytical methods or by Monte Carlo simulation. In Monte Carlo simulation, particles are either tracked individually event-by-event or close events are condensed and processed collectively in different steps. Both of these me...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/62/5/N90
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasound-based elastography including strain elastography, acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging, point shear wave elastography and supersonic shear imaging (SSI) have been used to differentiate breast tumors among other clinical applications. The objective of this study is to extend a previously published...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa58c9
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::During image-guided cancer radiation treatment, three-dimensional (3D) tumor volumetric information is important for treatment success. However, it is typically not feasible to image a patient's 3D tumor continuously in real time during treatment due to concern over excessive patient radiation dose. We present a new i...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa56b2
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Most solid-state detectors, including 3D dosimeters, show lower signal in the Bragg peak than expected, a process termed quenching. The purpose of this study was to investigate how variation in chemical composition of a recently developed radiochromic, silicone-based 3D dosimeter influences the observed quenching in p...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa512a
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::This study introduces a practical four-dimensional (4D) planning scheme of IMAT using 4D computed tomography (4D CT) for planning tumor tracking with dynamic multileaf beam collimation. We assume that patients can breathe regularly, i.e. the same way as during 4D CT with an unchanged period and amplitude, and that the...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa56b7
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Histotripsy is an ultrasound ablation method that depends on the initiation of a cavitation bubble cloud to fractionate soft tissue. Although previous work has provided significant insight into the process of intrinsic threshold histotripsy, the majority of these studies have used highly focused (i.e. f-number < 0.6...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa54c7
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::The anisotropic mechanical properties (mechanical anisotropy) and view-dependent ultrasonic backscattering (acoustic anisotropy) of striated muscle due to the underlying myofiber arrangement have been well documented, but whether they impact on ultrasound strain imaging (USI) techniques remains unclear. The aim of thi...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa530b
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::In this response we underscore that the instrumentation described in the original publication (Liu et al 2012 Phys. Med. Biol. 57 843-65) was based on pulse-sampling technique, while the comment by Zhang et al is based on the assumption that a time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) instrumentation was used. Th...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa5231
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::In carbon-ion radiotherapy, single-beam delivery each day in alternate directions has been common practice for efficient operation, taking advantage of the Bragg peak and the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for uniform dose conformation to a tumor. Treatments are usually fractionated and treatment plans are ev...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/62/3/1062
更新日期:2017-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::This work presents an improvement of the VIPARnd ('nd' stands for 'normoxic, double', or VIP) polymer gel dosimeter. The gel composition was altered by increasing the concentration of the monomeric components, N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), in co-solvent solutions. The optimal composit...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa5089
更新日期:2017-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate correction factors for output factor (OF), percentage depth-dose (PDD), and off-axis ratio (OAR) measurements with the CyberKnife M6 System. These include the first such data for the InCise MLC. Simulated detectors include diodes, air-filled microchambers, a synthetic micro...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa5610
更新日期:2017-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Ion beam therapy offers the possibility of a highly conformal tumor-dose distribution; however, this technique is extremely sensitive to inaccuracies in the treatment procedures. Ambiguities in the conversion of Hounsfield units of the treatment planning x-ray CT to relative stopping power (RSP) can cause uncertaintie...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa5602
更新日期:2017-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::The stochastic nature of cavitation implies visualization of the cavitation cloud in real-time and in a discriminative manner for the safe use of focused ultrasound therapy. This visualization is sometimes possible with standard echography, but it strongly depends on the quality of the scanner, and is hindered by diff...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa4fe8
更新日期:2017-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study is to evaluate a new method to improve performance of computer-aided detection (CAD) schemes of screening mammograms with two approaches. In the first approach, we developed a new case based CAD scheme using a set of optimally selected global mammographic density, texture, spiculation, and st...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aa5081
更新日期:2017-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Focused ultrasound (FUS) phased arrays show promise for non-invasive brain therapy. However, the majority of them are limited to a single transmit/receive frequency and therefore lack the versatility to expose and monitor the treatment volume. Multi-frequency arrays could offer variable transmit focal sizes under a fi...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/24/8476
更新日期:2016-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation scheme where a small current is delivered to the brain via two electrodes attached to the scalp. The electrode design is an important topic, not only as regards efficacy, but also from a safety perspective, as tDCS may be related to skin lesions that ...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/61/24/8825
更新日期:2016-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::In charged particle therapy with pencil beam scanning (PBS), localization of the dose in the Bragg peak makes dose distributions sensitive to lateral tissue heterogeneities. The sensitivity of a PBS plan to lateral tissue heterogeneities can be reduced by selecting appropriate beam angles. The purpose of this study is...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/61/24/8664
更新日期:2016-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we present a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction algorithm for magneto-acoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) based on the characteristics of the ultrasound transducer. The algorithm is investigated to solve the blur problem of the MAT-MI acoustic source image, which is caused by the ultr...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/1361-6560/61/24/8762
更新日期:2016-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Grating interferometry is advantageous over conventional x-ray absorption imaging because it enables the detection of samples constituted by low atomic number elements (low-Z materials). Therefore, it has a potential application in biological science and medical diagnostics. The grating interferometry has some critica...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/23/8266
更新日期:2016-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Boundary element methods (BEM) are used for forward computation of bioelectromagnetic fields in multi-compartment volume conductor models. Most BEM approaches assume that each compartment is in contact with at most one external compartment. In this work, I present a general surface integral equation and BEM discretiza...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/22/N606
更新日期:2016-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Prompt γ-ray imaging with a knife-edge shaped slit camera provides the possibility of verifying proton beam range in tumor therapy. Dedicated experiments regarding the characterization of the camera system have been performed previously. Now, we aim at implementing the prototype into clinical application of monitoring...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/22/7881
更新日期:2016-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::The automatic calibration in Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) systems allows for high resolution imaging with precise depth ranging functionality in many complex imaging scenarios, such as microsurgery. However, the accuracy and speed of the existing automatic schemes are limited due to the functio...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/21/7652
更新日期:2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The variety of treatment options for cancer patients has increased significantly in recent years. Not only do we combine radiation with surgery and chemotherapy, new therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapy and targeted therapies are starting to play a bigger role. Physics has made significant contributions to rad...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/21/R344
更新日期:2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Using conventional scintillation detection, the fundamental limit in positron emission tomography (PET) time resolution is strongly dependent on the inherent temporal variances generated during the scintillation process, yielding an intrinsic physical limit for the coincidence time resolution of around 100 ps. On the ...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/21/7600
更新日期:2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::We investigate an optimization-based reconstruction, with an emphasis on image-artifact reduction, from data collected in C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) employed in image-guided interventional procedures. In the study, an image to be reconstructed is formulated as a solution to a convex optimization progra...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/20/7300
更新日期:2016-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::At present, there exists few openly available methods for evaluation of simultaneous segmentation and registration algorithms. These methods allow for a combination of both techniques to track the tumor in complex settings such as adaptive radiotherapy. We have produced a quality assurance platform for evaluating this...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/19/7012
更新日期:2016-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::Cylindrical homogenous phantoms for magnetic resonance (MR) elastography in biomedical research provide one way to validate an imaging systems performance, but the simplified geometry and boundary conditions can cloak complexity arising at tissue interfaces. In an effort to develop a more realistic gel tissue phantom ...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/18/6821
更新日期:2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::This paper extends the kernel method that was proposed previously for dynamic PET reconstruction, to incorporate anatomical side information into the PET reconstruction model. In contrast to existing methods that incorporate anatomical information using a penalized likelihood framework, the proposed method incorporate...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/18/6668
更新日期:2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a novel scintillation detector design for positron emission tomography (PET), which has depth of interaction (DOI) capability and uses a single-ended readout scheme. The DOI detector contains a pair of crystal bars segmented using sub-surface laser engraving (SSLE). The two crystal bars are optically couple...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/18/6635
更新日期:2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of the differences in the refractive index observed between normal and tumor tissues using terahertz spectroscopy has been described quantitatively. To estimate water content differences in tissues, we prepared fresh and paraffin-embedded samples from rats. An approximately 5% increase of water content in t...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/18/6808
更新日期:2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::We comment on a recent article (Gomà et al 2014 Phys. Med. Biol. 59 4961-71) which compares different routes of reference dosimetry for the energy dependent beam monitor calibration in scanned proton beams. In this article, a 3% discrepancy is reported between a Faraday cup and a plane-parallel ionization chamber in t...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/17/6585
更新日期:2016-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::Recent image guidance developments for preclinical synchrotron microbeam radiotherapy represent a necessary step for future clinical translation of the technique. Image quality can be further improved using x-ray phase contrast, which is readily available at synchrotron facilities. We here describe a methodology for p...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/16/5942
更新日期:2016-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::This work aims at developing a generic virtual source model (VSM) preserving all existing correlations between variables stored in a Monte Carlo pre-computed phase space (PS) file, for dose calculation and high-resolution portal image prediction. The reference PS file was calculated using the PENELOPE code, after the ...
journal_title:Physics in medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/61/14/5215
更新日期:2016-07-21 00:00:00